The dc motor whose speed is to be controlled using the pid controller in the fig. Pwm based dc motor speed control using microcontroller. Keywords dc motor, speed control, microcontroller, atmega8, pwm. On the contrary, pulse width modulation is the best method to control dc voltage applied to the terminal of the armature. Controlling of dc motor using the pulse width modulation pwm. The modulation of pulse width is obtained using pulse width generator in atmega16 microcontroller. For example in robotics it is generally used to control the moving speed of a robot whatever it may be path finder, opportunity or any one industrial robot. Generally, a dc motor consists of either an electromagnet or a permanent magnet and a wounded coil known as the armature.
Four quadrant speed control of dc motor with androidand. Microcontroller based speed control of a dc motor using. Speed control of dc motor by using pwm technique project report. Project report on speed control of dc motor by using pwm technique free download as word doc. Microcontroller based speed control of a dc motor using pwm. This project is also cost effective, practical and safest way to save power. Oct 29, 2018 here we will use a technique called pwm pulse width modulation to control the speed of dc motor. For creating and simulating the mathematical model matlab program with simulink extension was used. The hardware project is designed to control the speed of a bldc motor using closed loop control technique.
Armature voltage is varied by pulse width modulation pwm of input dc voltage. P dc shunt motor circuitry is designed, and developed using. Todays project topic is dc motor speed control using microcontroller pic16f877a and we are sharing full project report of it. The pwm modulation technique learned in the third lab.
Pc based speed controlling of a dc motor, report, circuit ideas. Thus we conclude that the pwm technique is the most efficient for controlling the speed of the dc motor. Here we will use a technique called pwm pulse width modulation to control the speed of dc motor. Speed control using pwm pdf tim bennett and vincent rosa. Dc motor speed control is carried out by use of four quadrant chopper drive. This paper reports a microcontroller based control system to change the speed and direction of rotation of dc motor. Speed control of dc motor using pulsewidth modulation. And it is widely used in speed control systems which need high control requirements, such as rolling mill, doublehulled tanker, high precision digital tools and etc 4. Todays industries are increasingly demanding process automation in all sectors. Essentially, a dc motor consists of a stator, a rotor and a commutator. The microcontroller based speed control of dc motor using pwm technique has been introduced.
The performance of singlephase dc drive system controlled by uniform pwm full bridge dc dc converter which gives fast response to control the dc motor 6. Download speed control of dc motor using pwm technique pdf. We used the fact that the speed of a dc motor is directly proportional to the voltage applied across its windings. Speed control of induction motor using pwm technique. It will be helpful to vary the speed of the dc motor in either clockwise or in anti clockwise direction. Azimuth antenna pedestal, bsc project, cape town, october 2007. May 14, 2014 iii abstract the aim of development of this project is towards providing efficient and simple method for control speed of dc motor using pulse width modulation technique. By varying the pulse width duty cycle, we are able to create variable speed motor.
The electric motor speed is fixed when ac motor is connected to ac line. There are several methods for controlling the speed of dc motors. Dc motor control project electrical and computer engineering. The paper deals with design of control for dc motor and analysis with focus on speed control. We use dc motors in many systems in our day to day life. Pdf microcontroller based dc motor speed control using. Speed control of a dc motor using pwm video matlab. Understand the circuitry used to drive a dc motor using the 68hc11.
A micro controller based speed control of dc motor using pwm technique is implemented successfully. Speed control of dc motor with pc interface is an easy diy project. Dc motor speed controller circuit using pwm electrical project. A rotary encoder plate is coupled to the end of motor shaft to provide the feedback speed signal to the controller. Pdf microcontroller based dc motor speed control using pwm. This thesis focuses on controlling the speed of a dc motor using pwm technique varying duty cycle of a square wave and data acquisition. Design a speed controller for a dc motor using pulsewidth modulation pwm. When you turn in the lab report, please answer the following questions. Direct current is applied to the armature by means of a carbon brush or by means of electromagnetic induction. Pwm based speed control for a dc motor international journal of.
The aim of development of this project is towards providing efficient and simple method for control speed of dc motor using pulse width modulation technique. For example in robotics it is generally used to control the moving speed of a robot whatever it may be path. The current work allows controlling the speed of a dc motor in both forward and reversing direction, from fully off to fully on. The modulation is a process of varying the parameter of a carrier signal in accordance with the. Pwm control using arduino learn to control dc motor speed and led brightness in this article we explain how to do pwm pulse width modulation control using arduino. Aug 23, 2012 this video shows about how to control a dc motor speed with pulse width modulation keeping frequency constant and varying duty cycle using a free running multivibrator. Categories 2011 latest ece projects, ece and eee project abstracts, electrical projects, electronics abstracts, electronics projects topics. A rotary encoder plate is coupled to the end of motor shaft to provide the feedback. In this tutorial, i have controlled its speed as well by providing different voltage levels at the enable pin of the dc motor control driver l298.
The working principle and program of this circuit is same as that of the led brightness control. By using pwm we can vary pulse duty cycle which in turn varies the speed of motor by interchanging output ports, it will effectively change direction of motor. We provide detailed information on how to develop this project with block diagram explanation,circuit diagrametc. Each digital pin of the arduino can sink or source only. In speed control of dc motor by using pwm technique project, we controlled the speed of the industrial drive i. Speed control of dc motor by using pwm technique project is a electronics and electrical engineering final year project. Automation results into better quality, increased production an reduced costs. Direct current dc motors have been widely used in many industrial applications such as electric vehicles, steel rolling mills, electric cranes, and robotic manipulators due to precise, wide, simple, and continuous control characteristics. Certain application using semiconductor products may involve potential risks of death, personal injury, or. This video shows about how to control a dc motor speed with pulse width modulation keeping frequency constant and varying duty cycle using a free running multivibrator. This article explains the structure, the speed control principle, and the features of the following three product groups that can control the speed relatively easily by using an analog input. The job the speed controlling mechanism is to take the required speed level and to control the speed of the motor at that speed. In this project we control the 12v dc motor using 230v power supply.
Share on tumblr simple circuit using timer ic 555 and mosfet irf 540 given for dc motor speed control, some dc motors have unfit rpm rotation per minute for projects to control speed of dc motor this simple circuit can be used. Circuit diagram of dc motor speed control using arduino is shown in the figure below. Jun 06, 2016 abstract this report focuses on controlling the speed of a dc motor using pwm technique. This thesis focuses on controlling the speed of a dc motor using pwm technique varying duty cycle of a square wave and data acquisition systems. Pdf speed control of dc motor by using pwm technique. If you are new to electronics, we have a detailed article explaining pulse width modulation. What are the best ways to control the speed of dc motor. So, lets get started with dc motor speed control using arduino uno. We send in a pulse width modulated signal from port t3 which will drive the motor. Dc motor speed control using arduino the engineering. Speed control of dc motor with simple anolog circuits.
Hence speed control of dc motor using android application is a cost effective, practical and the safest way to save power. Due to the large input gatetoemitter capacitance of igbts, mosfet drive techniques can be. You can also write arduino programs for different purpose. Dc motor control project the purpose of this lab is to synthesize the programming concepts learned in the previous 68hc11 labs along with some circuit design into a working controller for a dc motor with user input from the lcd display. Dc motor speed control using arduino the engineering projects. The inverted signal itself is composed of a pulsewidthmodulated pwm signal which encodes a sine wave. Pulsewidth modulation pwm or dutycycle variation methods are commonly used in speed control of dc motors. Apply pulse width modulation pwm to the application of controlling the speed. The modulation of pulse width is obtained using cd4010b schmitt trigger and rectifier 1n4140. Speed control of three phase squirrel cage induction motor.
Only difference is that and additional motor driver circuit using a transistor is included in the circuit. Pwm control using arduinohow to control dc motor and led. In this tutorial we will learn how to make a pwm dc motor speed controller using the 555 timer ic. Speed control of three phase squirrel cage induction motor using vf method is implemented.
Speed control of dc motor using pwm technique pdf projects. In this report, we have implemented a dc motor speed control system. In this work, designing motor bidirectional dc control circuit using pulse width modulation pwm based on an operational amplifier model lm324 is implemented. Next to stepper motors, the permanent magnet dc motor pmdc is the. We can achieve speed control of dc motor using mechanical or electrical techniques but they require large size hardware to implement but a microcontroller based system provides an easy way to control the speed of dc motor.
Abstract this project is intended to control the speed of a dc motor utilizing pwm control with the 8051 arrangement microcontroller. Both approaches are simulated and compared to each other. In this project dc motors speed is controlled by sending the command through pc. Speed control of dc motor by using pwm technique project ppt. Speed control of dc motor could be achieved using mechanical or. In pulse width modulation, we actually control the switching duty cycle, which is the ratio of ontime to the total time of switching. Speed control of a machine is the most vital and important part in any industrial organization. The role of speed control in dc motors is very crucial in the. A simple pwm pulse width modulation technique can be used to control the speed of the motor. The speed of dc motor wirelessly through pwm technique through an 8051. The pwm modulation technique learned in the third lab will be used. Bldc motor has various application used in industries like in drilling, lathes, spinning, electric bikes etc.
The dc motor driver l293d is used in this project as it is a component that has dual full bridge driver where it also can control the direction of the dc motor. Abstract this report focuses on controlling the speed of a dc motor using pwm technique. Speed control of dc motor by using pwm technique project. Pdf speed control of dc motor by using pwm technique project. Apr 08, 2018 in this project, i will show how speed control of dc motor can be implemented using 555 and pulse width modulation pwm. The duty cycle is defined as the percentage of digital high to digital low plus digital high pulsewidth during a pwm period. In this chapter, speed control of a dc motor using pulse width modulation pwm technique is described. But in this tutorial, we are explaining simple and easy way by using the pulse width modulation pwm. If this voltage needs to be boosted from the dc source, it can be accomplished either before the ac stage by using a dcdc boost converter, or after the ac stage by using a boost transformer. Arduino is basically an amazing micro controller and is very easy to use because it is an open source device. The speed control of the dc motors is very essential.
Dc motor speed control using microcontroller pic16f877a. Dc motor direction control using arduino the engineering. The idea of a speed control system is to maintain the speed of the motor at the desired value under various condition. Dc motor speed controller circuit using pwm electrical. Main objective of this project is to develop micro controller based application through which we can control speed of dc motor. The performance of singlephase dc drive system controlled by uniform pwm full bridge dcdc converter which gives fast. Speed control of dc motor using pulse width modulation, 555. The variable speed drives, which can control the speed of a. This is a very good project work for final year electronics and electrical students. In this tutorial, i will make a simple program to do the dc motor direction control using arduino. In this project paper microcontroller based system to control speed of induction motor is developed using pulse width modulation technique 2.
How to make a pwm dc motor speed controller using the 555. This project is mainly focus on dc motor speed control system by using microcontroller pic 16f877a. The implementation is done using a rectifier and an inverter, where the pwm triggering pulses were generated by using pic micro controller for switching the igbts of the inverter. There are many different ways to control the speed of dc motors but one very simple and easy way is to use pulse width modulation. Download a free power electronics control design trial. Arduino is directly connected to pc through the usb cable and command is given to arduino on serial monitor of the arduino ide. Pdf speed control of bldc motor using pwm technique. Four quadrant speed control of dc motor with androidand its. The speed control of brushless dc motor drive employing hard chopping pwm technique using dsp which helps in controlling the speed of dc motor 5. By interchanging output ports, it will effectively change the direction of the motor. Speed control of dc motor with simple anolog circuits using. For controller design two methods are used, namely frequency shaping method and pwm control.
To control the speed of a motor, there are different ways. If you are using microcontroller means you can bias this timer ic through micro controller gpio pin and then you can control speed of motor by varying vr1 resistor. Arduino is directly connected to pc through the usb cable and command is. Feb 15, 2018 in this tutorial we will learn how to make a pwm dc motor speed controller using the 555 timer ic. Apr 10, 2017 in this tutorial, i have controlled its speed as well by providing different voltage levels at the enable pin of the dc motor control driver l298. This proposed system provides a very precise and effective speed control. But before we start looking at the ins and outs of pulse width modulation we need to understand a little more about how a dc motor works. Firstly, mathematical model of dc motor was created.
Dc motor, a fmal year report university of moratuwa illiniaus. In order to perform this operation we used pulse width modulation technique which works on duty cycle method. This paper is designed to develop a four quadrant speed control system for a dc motor using microcontroller. In this project, i will show how speed control of dc motor can be implemented using 555 and pulse width modulation pwm. Dc motor speed control using pic microcontroller pwm method.
Project report on speed control of dc motor by using pwm. In practice, the dc motor is a nonlinear device and its speed varies because of change in load demand, disturbances,etc. Speed control of dc motor using pwm a pulse width modulation concept the purpose of a motor speed controller is to drive a system at the demanded speed. Speed control methods of various types of speed control. For example, cpu fans, fume extinguishers, toy cars etc.